Abstract
The effects of ketone body metabolism suggests that mild ketosis may offer therapeutic
potential in a variety of different common and rare disease states. These inferences
follow directly from the metabolic effects of ketosis and the higher inherent energy
present in d-β-hydroxybutyrate relative to pyruvate, the normal mitochondrial fuel produced by
glycolysis leading to an increase in the ΔG′ of ATP hydrolysis. The large categories of disease for which ketones may have therapeutic
effects are:
- (1)diseases of substrate insufficiency or insulin resistance,
- (2)diseases resulting from free radical damage,
- (3)disease resulting from hypoxia.
Current ketogenic diets are all characterized by elevations of free fatty acids, which
may lead to metabolic inefficiency by activation of the PPAR system and its associated
uncoupling mitochondrial uncoupling proteins. New diets comprised of ketone bodies
themselves or their esters may obviate this present difficulty.
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
September 1,
2003
Received:
August 10,
2003
Identification
Copyright
Published by Elsevier Inc.
