Highlights
- •Plasma PGE2 increased before elevation of plasma AST and ALT in CCl4 liver injury.
- •Hepatic 15-PGDH-mediated PGE2 degradation decreased in CCl4 liver injury.
- •Plasma PGE2 level was negatively correlated with hepatic 15-PGDH expression level.
- •15-PGDH is mainly expressed in the hepatic endothelial cells.
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) exhibits hepatoprotective effects against various types of liver injury. However,
there is little information on the disposition of endogenous PGE2 during liver injury. In the present study, we attempted to elucidate the mechanism
involved in regulating PGE2 distribution during liver injury. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was used to establish a liver injury mouse model. PGE2 was measured by LC-MS/MS. The plasma and hepatic PGE2 levels were significantly increased at 6 to 48 h after CCl4 treatment. The ratio of plasma levels of 13,14-dihydro-15-ketoPGE2 (PGEM), a major PGE2 metabolite, to PGE2 decreased significantly after CCl4 treatment. PGE2 synthesis and expression of enzymes related to PGE2 production were not induced, while the activity and mRNA expression of 15-prostaglandin
dehydrogenase (15-PGDH/Hpgd), a major enzyme for PGE2 inactivation, decreased significantly in the liver of CCl4-treated mice compared to that of vehicle-treated control. The plasma and hepatic
PGE2 levels were negatively correlated with the hepatic mRNA expression levels of Hpgd. Although the mRNA expression of organic anion transporting polypeptide 2A1 (OATP2A1/Slco2a1), a major PGE2 transporter, was upregulated, other hepatic OATPs decreased significantly at 24 h
after CCl4 treatment. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that 15-PGDH was mainly expressed
in endothelial cells and that OATP2A1 was expressed at least in endothelial cells
and Kupffer cells in the liver. These results suggest that the decreased 15-PGDH expression
in hepatic endothelial cells is the principal mechanism for the increase in hepatic
and plasma PGE2 levels due to the CCl4-induced liver injury.
Keywords
Abbreviations:
CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride), PGE2 (prostaglandin E2), PGEM (13,14-dihydro-15-ketoPGE2), 15-PGDH (15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase), COX (cyclooxygenase), PGES (prostaglandin E synthase), OATP (organic anion transporting polypeptide), AST (aspartate aminotransferase), ALT (alanine aminotransferase)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 21, 2020
Accepted:
February 18,
2020
Received in revised form:
February 13,
2020
Received:
October 17,
2019
Identification
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